fixing the keyboard and bootloader so that its 2 stage again

bootloader/boot1.asm

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+; ==============================================================================
+; boot1.asm - Second Stage Bootloader (Fixed Real Mode Transition)
+; ==============================================================================
+
+[BITS 32]
+global _start
+extern kmain
+
+_start:
+    ; Set up segments
+    mov ax, 0x10
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov fs, ax
+    mov gs, ax
+    mov ss, ax
+
+    ; Stack (must be identity-mapped)
+    mov esp, 0x90000
+
+    ; CPU Feature Detection: check CPUID support
+    pushfd                      ; Save flags
+    pop eax
+    mov ecx, eax
+    xor eax, 1 << 21            ; Flip ID bit
+    push eax
+    popfd
+    pushfd
+    pop eax
+    xor eax, ecx
+    jz .no_cpuid                ; CPUID unsupported if no change
+
+    ; CPUID supported, verify features
+    mov eax, 1
+    cpuid
+    ; Check for paging support (bit 31 of edx)
+    test edx, 1 << 31
+    jz .no_paging_support
+
+    ; Additional CPU feature checks could be added here
+
+    jmp .cpuid_check_done
+
+.no_cpuid:
+    mov si, no_cpuid_msg
+    call print_string_16
+    jmp halt
+
+.no_paging_support:
+    mov si, no_paging_msg
+    call print_string_16
+    jmp halt
+
+.cpuid_check_done:
+
+    ; Temporarily switch back to real mode
+    cli
+    mov eax, cr0
+    and eax, 0x7FFFFFFE        ; Clear PE & PG bits
+    mov cr0, eax
+    jmp 0x18:real_mode_entry
+
+; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+[BITS 16]
+real_mode_entry:
+    ; Real mode for BIOS access (E820, VESA)
+    xor ax, ax
+    mov es, ax
+
+    ; VESA call
+    mov di, VbeControllerInfo
+    mov ax, 0x4F00
+    int 0x10
+    jc vesa_error
+
+    ; E820 memory map
+    xor ebx, ebx
+    mov edx, 0x534D4150
+    mov di, MemoryMapBuffer
+    mov [MemoryMapEntries], dword 0
+
+.e820_loop:
+    mov eax, 0xE820
+    mov ecx, 24
+    int 0x15
+    jc e820_error
+    add di, 24
+    inc dword [MemoryMapEntries]
+    test ebx, ebx
+    jnz .e820_loop
+    jmp .e820_done
+
+e820_error:
+    mov si, e820_error_msg
+    call print_string_16
+    jmp halt
+
+vesa_error:
+    mov si, vesa_error_msg
+    call print_string_16
+
+    ; Fallback: set VGA text mode 3 and continue
+    mov ah, 0x00           ; BIOS Set Video Mode function
+    mov al, 0x03           ; VGA 80x25 text mode
+    int 0x10
+
+    ; Clear screen
+    mov ah, 0x06           ; Scroll up function
+    mov al, 0              ; Clear entire screen
+    mov bh, 0x07           ; Text attribute (gray on black)
+    mov cx, 0              ; Upper-left corner
+    mov dx, 0x184F         ; Lower-right corner
+    int 0x10
+
+    jmp .e820_done         ; Continue booting without VESA graphics
+
+.e820_done:
+    ; Back to protected mode
+    cli
+    mov eax, cr0
+    or eax, 1
+    mov cr0, eax
+    jmp 0x08:protected_entry
+
+; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+print_string_16:
+.loop:
+    lodsb
+    or al, al
+    jz .done
+    mov ah, 0x0E
+    int 0x10
+    jmp .loop
+.done:
+    ret
+
+e820_error_msg db "E820 Failed!", 0
+vesa_error_msg db "VESA Failed!", 0
+no_cpuid_msg db "No CPUID support detected!", 0
+no_paging_msg db "CPU lacks paging support!", 0
+
+; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+[BITS 32]
+protected_entry:
+    ; Paging setup
+    xor eax, eax
+    mov edi, page_directory
+    mov ecx, 1024
+    rep stosd
+    mov edi, page_table
+    rep stosd
+
+    mov dword [page_directory], page_table | 0x3
+    mov ecx, 1024
+    mov edi, page_table
+    mov eax, 0x00000003
+.fill_pages:
+    mov [edi], eax
+    add eax, 0x1000
+    add edi, 4
+    loop .fill_pages
+
+    mov eax, page_directory
+    mov cr3, eax
+    mov eax, cr0
+    or eax, 0x80000000
+    mov cr0, eax
+
+    jmp kmain
+
+; ----------------------------------------------------------------
+; Data buffers and variables must be appropriately defined in your data section
+MemoryMapBuffer times 128 db 0          ; 128*24 bytes reserved for E820 memory map (adjust size as needed)
+MemoryMapEntries dd 0
+VbeControllerInfo times 512 db 0        ; Buffer for VESA controller info (adjust size as needed)
+
+; Define page directory and page table aligned as needed (in your data section)
+align 4096
+page_directory times 1024 dd 0
+align 4096
+page_table times 1024 dd 0
+